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Ensuring data reliability along the KPI lifecycle

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Image Source: Gerd Altmann | Pixabay

The lifecycle of a Key Performance Indicator (KPI) is a dynamic process involving definition, recalibration, and—sometimes—abandonment. From establishment to practical application and ongoing evolution, KPIs undergo several steps to effectively measure performance, and prioritizing data reliability at every stage is crucial to achieving their intended purpose.

  1. The foundation of reliable data

The first stage of the cycle, KPI selection, may seem simple, but it is a complex process intertwined with various interdependencies and calibrations with the organization’s objectives.

Establishing data reliability should start from this initial step, and involving employees as primary sources for KPI selection is an effective approach. Their valuable knowledge about the data generated from their activities enhances the reliability of the selected KPIs. Additionally, considering data availability and reliability as criteria for the selection further enhances overall data trustworthiness.

KPI documentation plays a pivotal role in ensuring reliability. Adopting a standardized documentation form establishes a solid foundation for rigorous and dependable data collection and reporting. This approach provides clear guidelines for defining KPIs, including unambiguous calculation formulas, ensuring that the collected data accurately reflects the intended purpose of each KPI.

  1. Establishing dependable data collection

During the activation of KPIs, data reliability depends on the meticulous consideration of data sources, robust data-gathering methods, and the establishment of a strong governance structure. It is imperative to utilize trusted and verified data sources that are up-to-date, accurate, and aligned with the KPIs being measured. Accountability for KPI data should be established by clearly designating KPI owners and data custodians. Furthermore, adopting a standardized data collection process that incorporates technology-driven solutions significantly enhances accuracy.

  1. Communicating meaningful insights

The analysis and reporting of KPIs are significant in ensuring the correct organization and communication of data to key stakeholders. Errors in data analysis have the potential to result in misleading insights, which can have negative effects on decision-making. Therefore, correctly identifying relevant KPI content and conveying meaningful insights derived from KPI data to various stakeholder groups within the organization is essential.

  1. Continuous improvement

Finally, data reliability can be enhanced through the process of refreshing KPI documentation. This ongoing effort involves recalibrating KPIs after their initial establishment and customizing them for optimal use.

Attention is given to both the content of the KPIs and the standardization of their format. Standardizing KPI content establishes uniform guidelines and criteria for measurement and reporting, ensuring data reliability and consistency. This step refines the measurement and reporting processes, facilitating accurate and dependable data for decision-making purposes.

Monitoring KPI data reliability: The role of the Data Custodian

The Data Custodian is critical in upholding the reliability of data. They actively participate in the design of performance data collection, receipt and storage, processing, analysis, reporting, dissemination, and even archival or deletion of data. They implement measures to validate and verify the accuracy, consistency, and completeness of the data. This involves conducting regular data audits, resolving discrepancies or anomalies, and implementing data cleansing processes to ensure data integrity.

To evaluate the reliability of KPI data, the Data Custodian can monitor % KPIs with reliable data. This metric measures the number of reported KPIs that contain reliable and trustworthy content out of the total number of KPIs reported, according to smartKPIs.com.

In conclusion, to succeed in a data-driven world, organizations must prioritize data reliability along the KPI lifecycle. By implementing the strategies and practices discussed above, organizations can unlock the true potential of their performance measurement systems and empower stakeholders with reliable insights for better decision-making.

The IT industry’s layoff crisis: how to protect employer brand

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Image source: ymoran | Unsplash

The global economy felt the effects of the COVID-19 outbreak, and the IT sector was no exception. Because of the economic slump, various IT companies have announced layoffs. Since the beginning of 2023, the IT industry layoffs wave topped the media with a 649% spike in cases reported last year. When workforce reductions take place, the strength of an organization’s employer brand may suffer significantly. 

Taking the layoffs at Twitter as an example, only 2% of the remaining employees suggest the company as a good place to work, and 1% believe that the company treated the affected employees with dignity. Understanding the consequences of layoffs on a company’s reputation will enable management to analyze perception trends and develop long-term solutions. One approach is to use key performance indicators (KPIs) such as # Employee Net Promoter Score (eNPS) or # Employment brand strength.

Employment brand strength 

# Employment brand strength is an important KPI for any organization that wants to recruit and retain top talent and foster an engaging workplace while maintaining business viability. Employment brand strength is a metric that measures how prospective and current employees view a company.

Tracking # Employment brand strength can help companies monitor their progress over time and identify areas of improvement in different aspects such as brand awareness, work-life balance, career development opportunities, and social responsibility. This will result in a more positive work environment, the attraction of more top talent, and the achievement of their business objectives.

eNPS

Employee net promoter score is a KPI that companies use to measure employee loyalty and satisfaction. Similarly to the NPS for consumers, eNPS applies the same principle to workers, measuring how likely they are to recommend their company as a place to work. Because it is straightforward and easy to track. It can also assist businesses in assessing their employee experience and evaluating their objectives. eNPS can also be used to compare the performance of a company to that of its competitors. 

Figure 1. eNPS | Source: Questpro

eNPS is a valuable KPI that can assist firms in measuring and improving employee happiness and loyalty, leading to increased productivity, fewer attrition, and improved business results.

How to measure it 

  1. Employee surveys can be utilized to assess employee satisfaction, engagement, and retention. eNPS is the most dependable and widely used employee survey method. It simply asks, “On a scale from 0 to 10, how likely are you to recommend your workplace?” Negative aggregate eNPS scores (Promoters – Detractors) are a major warning sign.
  2.  Candidate surveys can be used to identify areas in which the employer brand appeals to potential candidates.
  3. Social media monitoring can be used to observe online conversations. 

Communication is the key

According to Forbes, the company should exhibit compassion for the process. Employees will have numerous questions, and managers must address their concerns, so it is important to implement an open-door policy. Providing job search assistance may also help companies reduce the likelihood of negative comments. Companies should also monitor and anticipate such remarks on social media platforms like Glassdoor and prepare diplomatic responses.

However, it is preferable to forestall it from the beginning. 

After Nokia’s 2008 earnings rose 67%, the CEO let off 2,000 or more employees to save expenses, which harmed the employer brand and triggered demonstrations.Three years later, in 2011, Nokia had to go through another layoff wave, but at this point they reformed and included the impacted staff to guarantee a seamless transition and avoid negative feedback.

By handling layoffs with transparency, fairness, and compassion, focusing on employee retention and engagement, and tracking the reputation of the employer brand properly, companies can mitigate the damage and maintain a positive work environment amid the tech industry crisis. 

OSH KPIs: a safe workplace is a sound business

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Globally, up to 2.78 million workers die annually from occupational accidents and work-related diseases, while another 347 million suffer from non-fatal occupational accidents, according to the United Nations Global Compact

Dealing with work-related accidents severely impacts corporate management performance by generating direct and indirect costs and repercussions. Some of these are medical costs, losses due to production downtime, loss of productivity, and low employee morale. A company can also be sanctioned by authorities or suffer from reputation damage, which in turn may result in sales reduction.

Thus, occupational safety and health (OSH) is a priority for businesses. OSH is the practice of protecting the safety and health of employees by identifying workplace hazards and implementing initiatives meant to prevent their occurrence. OSH standards and regulations exist at the international and the national levels, and companies are responsible for adopting them.

To support OSH, the International Labour Organization and the United Nations Global Compact identified business practices to improve workplace safety and health, and one of which encourages companies to “enhance the reporting, recording, and notification of occupational injuries and diseases to improve data collection.” Through the improved recording of workplace mortality and morbidity, companies and authorities can evaluate the performance of internal OSH systems, prioritize OSH initiatives, and enhance corrective actions and prevention efforts.

The performance of such initiatives can be tracked with the help of health and safety key performance indicators (KPIs), such as # Lost Time Injury (LTI), # Lost Time Injury Frequency Rate (LTIFR), % Health and safety (H&S) incident type breakdown, % Health, security, and safety training completed, % Compliance OSH regulations, and % Lost day rate.

Cases: healthcare companies prioritize employee safety

The healthcare manufacturing industry is a high-risk industry when it comes to occupational safety and health due to the nature of the products and the operating environment. The OSH problems faced by workers in this industry include exposure to chemical and biological substances, exposure to physical hazards, ergonomic affections, and hazardous processes using heavy machinery.

Medtronic and Johnson & Johnson are renowned corporations in the industry and have established a strong presence in the market. Both companies stated their strong commitment to ensuring the well-being of their employees and have implemented comprehensive OSH systems.

Medtronic, a global leader in medical technology, services, and solutions, strongly focuses on health and safety, implementing enterprise-wide standards to reduce hazards and risks and prevent workplace accidents. Their Environmental, Health, and Safety Performance System monitors the recordable incident rate, employee training, and auditing while providing employees with tools to reduce risks and employ safe behaviors. 

As revealed by the KPIs’ results for the last four years, Medtronic’s EHS system achieved notable progress in enhancing workplace safety. Three of the indicators have shown a decreasing trend compared to previous years. Only the % Employee injury incident rate has slightly raised due to an increase in slips, trips, and falls, as stated in the company’s ESG Report.

To address the issue, the company launched a comprehensive awareness campaign across all its sites and took measures to improve outdoor walking surfaces and lighting where deficiencies were detected.

As part of the ongoing initiatives that supported continuous improvement, Medtronic implemented a companywide hazard reporting tool, which allows employees to report potential risks and near-miss incidents. This enables the company to take timely mitigating measures and reduce the likelihood of incidents.Johnson & Johnson, a popular healthcare company that produces a wide range of medical devices, pharmaceuticals, and consumer packaged goods, has implemented thorough safety programs, risk assessments, and training for its employees.

Johnson & Johnson’s OSH system incorporates a global data management system with digital tools, predictive analytics, and visualization tools to track the OSH KPIs, gain deeper insights into their performance, and identify potential risks early. 

Using leading indicators facilitates a proactive avoidance of workplace injuries. Examples of leading KPIs the company uses include # Corrective and Preventive Actions (CAPA) resulting from program evaluations, internal audits, and # Near misses.

The company’s recent focus was to prioritize resources and risk mitigation efforts to prevent those incidents that could lead to life-threatening or life-altering outcomes. By following the hierarchy of controls, with an emphasis on eliminating, substituting, or engineering controls rather than relying on administrative controls, the company was able to reduce indicators of fatalities and serious injuries.

Despite this, the other two KPIs showed a slight increase in 2021, contrary to the downward trend seen in previous years.

KPIs drive occupational safety and health performance

There is no one correct formula for employee safety. Starting from the authorities’ standards and recommendations, companies should develop OSH systems tailored to their needs. Business practices focused on employees’ participation in risk identification, periodic audits, OSH training, safe behavior stimulation, and awareness activities could help create a preventive and safety culture. 

As shown by the examples of Medtronic and Johnson & Johnson, top-tier companies operating in a high-risk sector, regardless of the chosen initiatives, effective systems enhance the recording and reporting of OSH KPIs. 

Monitoring the leading indicators to proactively identify potential risks and implement mitigation measures and lagging indicators to understand the current deficiencies and apply corrective actions can determine the success of an OSH system in creating a safer, healthier, and more efficient workplace. 

To learn more about KPIs, sign up to The KPI Institute’s Certified Professional and Practitioner course.

Sustainability standards and KPIs as game changers

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Image source: Kiefer Likens | Unsplash

Companies can no longer afford to ignore sustainability. It is not just a trend but a major factor that drives where most businesses are headed. According to Globescan’s The State of Sustainable Business 2019, reputational risks, consumer demand, investor interest, operational risk, and employee engagement are some of the catalysts behind the sustainability efforts of most organizations. 

Manufacturing is one of the industries that are pressured to realign their activities with the mounting call for sustainability practices. Sustainable manufacturing refers to developing products with minimal negative environmental impacts and maximum contribution to the conservation of natural resources. These products are expected to be economically sound and safe for employees, communities, and consumers. 

Sustainable manufacturing aims to reduce the intensity of materials use, energy consumption, emissions, and unwanted byproducts while maintaining or improving the value provided for society and organizations. 

Some relevant key performance indicators that are often considered when evaluating the sustainability of manufacturing companies are:

  • Environmental performance KPIs, such as: # Air emissions, % Energy utilization, % Hazardous waste etc.
  • Economic performance KPIs: % Product reliability, % Conformance to specifications, $ Material cost, % Labor cost etc.
  • Social performance KPIs: % Occupational health and safety, % Turnover rate, % Supplier commitment etc.

Sustainability standards are observed to ensure quality, transparency, compliance, and results in terms of making organizations accountable for their economic, environmental, and social performance.

The GRI Standards

Among the internationally renowned frameworks is the Global Reporting Initiative’s (GRI) Sustainability Reporting Standards. The GRI Standards consist of Universal Standards, which apply to all organizations and report on human rights and environmental due diligence, the new Sector Standards for sector-specific impacts, and the Topic Standards that come with the revised Universal Standards and relate to a particular topic.

Their vision is to create a sustainable future enabled by transparency and open dialogue about impacts. In this regard, they are a provider of the world’s most widely used sustainability disclosure standards.

With GRI Standards, companies can publicly present the outcomes of their activities in a structured way. This allows their stakeholders and interested parties to better see their status of how they are responding to calls for sustainability. GRI Standards can be used by any type of organization, whether large or small, public or private, or from any location or industry.

As cited in the report “A Short Introduction to the GRI Standards,” the Reporting Process for organizations using the GRI Standards involves determining impacts and their significance, identifying material topics, or topics that are relevant to the organization’s activities, and reporting disclosures. The final stages are reporting the organization’s most significant impacts on the economy, environment, and people and publishing information and GRI content index.

The GRI Standards comprise three series of Standards: The GRI Universal Standards can be applied to your reporting. The GRI Sector Standards are for sectors while the GRI Topic Standards are used to report specific information regarding material topics.

Daimler’s Sustainability Report

An example of a sustainability report that is developed based on the GRI Standards comes from Daimler, one of the biggest producers of premium cars and the world’s biggest manufacturer of commercial vehicles.

In 2006, Daimler joined the multi-stakeholder network of the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI), where it initially was an organizational stakeholder. It later became a Gold Community Member and is now a member of the GRI Community.

Their report is based on the Daimler Group’s sustainable business strategies. It contains two conceptual levels: “Spurwechsel” section, which refers to the external sustainability developments and trends into a context with the internal strategies and measures and “Reporting” section which provides a detailed description of the goals, due diligence approach, measures, and achievements. 

The Reporting  section focuses on six areas of action: climate protection and air quality, resource conservation, livable cities, traffic safety, data responsibility, and human rights as well as on three enabler topics, which are cross-sector themes that can influence areas of action. The enabler topics are Integrity, People, and Partnerships. 

As part of the Climate protection & air quality area of action, the manufacturer frequently monitors the compliance with the internal and external environmental protection requirements. This way, they can take proactive actions to eliminate possible damage.

As a result, the reduction of air emissions is an important focus of their sense of responsibility for the environment (Figure 1). 

They consider the consumption of resources in production as an important factor in the environmental compatibility of their vehicles. Thus, they are working to make production more efficient and more environmentally friendly by using less water, energy, and raw materials.

Daimler evaluates in a consistent and transparent way the economic, environmental, and social impact in order to find the best solutions to remain climate-neutral and sustainable in the future.

In addition to this, they maintain regular contact with representatives of business, government, and other interest groups that advocate for the same goal. 

Daimler also plays an active role in upholding the UN Global Compact, a voluntary initiative that encourages companies to integrate sustainability practices into their activities. Daimler shares on their website that they are involved in the thematic and regional working groups and initiatives of the pact. 

“In the reporting year, these included the action platforms “Reporting on the SDGs” and “Decent Work in Global Supply Chains” as well as the UN Global Compact Expert Network and the German Global Compact Network,” Daimler states. 

As part of its obligation, Daimler reports its initiatives on areas like human rights, labor standards, and environmental protection in its Sustainability Report 

Reporting sustainability key performance indicators  constantly, in a clear and transparent manner, can provide a clear overview of the environmental, social, and economic impacts, and based on this, the organizations can take proactive actions to reduce the negative impact.

In this context, The GRI Standards offer a consistent structure for companies to report information in a way that covers the most significant impacts on the economy, environment, and people.

To learn more about KPIs, visit the world’s largest database of documented KPIs: smartkpis.com.

Editor’s Note: This article originally appeared in the 22nd edition of the Performance Magazine Printed Edition.

Performance Metrics for Sustainable Cities: What Lies Ahead

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Editor’s Note: This article is originally published in the 22nd PERFORMANCE Magazine – Printed Edition. To get your own copy of the whole magazine, visit – TKI Marketplace –  to download the digital copy and – Amazon – for an additional printed copy.

Key performance indicators (KPIs) are essential in assessing the performance of smart cities, which are emerging as the main drivers of economic development in several countries today. The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) defines smart cities as “cities that leverage digitalization and engage stakeholders to improve people’s well-being and build more inclusive, sustainable and resilient societies.”

According to the paper “Smart Cities Evaluation – A Survey of Performance and Sustainability Indicators,” more than 60% of the worldwide population lives in urban areas. However, the negative impact of urbanization on the environment is increasing. The United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) encourage the increased use of technology to provide efficient services, high quality of life, and alternatives for strengthening environmental sustainability.

Analyzing smart city performance enables policymakers at both the national and local levels to set achievable targets, determine where cities stand on their goals, track progress, and adjust policies. The Institute for Management Development (IMD) in Lausanne, Switzerland, and the Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD) cooperate to generate the Smart City Index (SCI). The study rates 118 cities from all over the globe based on inhabitants’ judgments of how technology may enhance their lives, as well as economic and social data from the UN Human Development Index. In July 2021, the report polled 120 residents in each city, totaling roughly 15,000 people.

The first three top-rated cities by IMD according to the SCI 2021 are Singapore, Zurich, and Oslo. The main aspects analyzed through SCI 2021 include priority areas that are perceived by the citizens as priorities to be improved. The second importance is based on Structures and Technologies, which are key survey data collected and organized into five categories: health and safety, mobility, activities, opportunities, and governance. Each indicator under these categories displays the score for the city and a comparison with the top four.

There are five characteristics that are desirable to users based on a quality model for a smart city designed in the paper “Metrics and indicators to evaluate the degree of transformation to smart city of a city. An ad-hoc quality model:” business and energy, transport and traffic, public security, inclusion and security, education, and innovation and development. 

All these areas could be optimized through a specially developed set of metrics that can be adapted accordingly to the specific region/country. Some examples refer to: # Wi-Fi antennas, % Solar panels, # Intelligent interrelated systems, #State drones or # Intelligent garbage containers.

The Holistic Key Performance Indicators (H-KPI) Framework was developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) to assist municipal managers and other stakeholders engaged in governance and social development that analyze the benefits of smart city technologies. It was created to serve as a foundation for the development of measuring methods that allow for integration, adaptation, and extension across three interconnected levels of analysis: technologies, infrastructure services, and community benefits. 

Strategic planning, system design and assurance, and operations management are all applications of the H-KPI technique. According to Smart Cities Connect, five metrics are used in the H-KPI Framework: across districts and neighborhoods, KPIs are aligned with community priorities; assets that are in line with the needs of the community; effectiveness of investment; density of information flow; and infrastructure service quality and social programs. This involves a baseline assessment, a comparative study of technology options, system design, and project sequencing for strategic planning. 

The U.S. Department of Commerce’ National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) elaborated on the data collection in the H-KPI method in a special publication. The NIST paper shows that the data collection goes through five phases: data source selection (define city data sources); data gathering (turning raw data into information); modeling (develop data sharing models for city data); characterization (listing smart city data and goals); and quantification (comprehensive analysis based of previous steps.

In conclusion, performance metrics play a key role in assessing the ability of cities and communities to deploy sophisticated technology efficiently and effectively as well as the reliability and efficacy of systems and strategies used in developing and running smart cities.

To level up your knowledge and understanding of performance metrics, The KPI Institute is continuously delivering quality content through online and face-to-face classes on Certified KPI Professional and Practitioner. Through this program’s intensive and organized approach to measuring performance, you will be provided with the required knowledge and training to advance your skills among other professionals.  Visit The KPI Institute’s website for further information.

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